SIPRI Publications

The combined arms revenues of the world’s largest arms-producing and military services companies (the SIPRI Top 100) increased by 5.9 per cent in 2024 to reach $679 billion, the highest level ever recorded by SIPRI. The total arms revenues of the Top 100 went up by 26 per cent over the decade 2015–24.

Multilateral conflict management is in a state of flux. In the face of enormous challenges, the world is more divided than it has been for a long time. Fragmentation, deinstitutionalization and militarization, combined with the erosion of many values-based norms, threaten the very survival of the multilateral system. Political and financial investments in non-military tools such as peacebuilding and civilian peacekeeping are decreasing, which in turn reduces holistic conflict management options.

This SIPRI Policy Brief explores the connected challenges of climate change, human mobility and security, highlighting how fragmented policies and misconceptions—such as the myth of mass climate migration—hinder effective responses. The brief contributes to addressing this gap by presenting findings on three underexplored dynamics across the mobility spectrum. It finds that urban migration can support adaptation but also strain urban conditions, involuntary immobility can heighten people’s vulnerabilities, and poorly designed climate action can lead to displacement, inequality or unrest.